NIZHNY NOVGOROD STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY

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chair of pedagogics and technique of initial education

Rate "CIVIL EDUCATION IN INITIAL CLASSES"

The basic ideas, principles
And the methodological approaches sold
In a rate of civil education
In initial classes

In a rate of civil education the idea socialization persons is realized. It is important to organize process of mastering by the child of experience of a public life, to create conditions for active knowledge the younger schoolboy of the social validity surrounding him, for development of culture of human attitudes, the social norms necessary for interaction and cooperation with other people. The central part socialization is humanistic education of schoolboys with a support on universal values.
Civil education in initial classes bases on a principle of humanisation according to which the subject basis universal considers value of the person, human rights, his freedom and advantage. humanisation it is closely connected to realization of education focused on the person in an elementary school. It assumes creation of favorable conditions for disclosing and developments of abilities of the schoolboy, for his self-determination, turn of school to the child, respect and trust for him, construction of interaction with him on principles of cooperation.

The principle of a nonviolence focuss teachers on the nonviolent organization of pedagogical process at which main - it is not so much "introduction" of values, ideas in consciousness of the pupil, how many creation of conditions for their emotional residing, personal acceptance. It is necessary to solve also the problems connected to education at children of peaceful disposition, tolerances, skills to understand other people on the basis of denying violent methods of the resolution of conflicts. The principle of a nonviolence assumes development of ability to acceptance and understanding of other person, formation of the nonviolent attitude to the nature, to all alive.

The rate of civil education bases on ideas of cooperation according to which the joint, interconnected activity of pupils and the teachers is organized, constructed on democratic principles. Children study to cooperate with each other, with the teacher, parents and other adults. The pedagogics of cooperation is based on the activity approach, it considers the schoolboy as the subject of the various internally interconnected kinds of activity (educational, game, labour, socially useful). With the help of modern ways of activity and dialogue the child is included in such forms of activity in which he can master intrinsic human qualities.

In a rate of civil education ideas of developing training are realized. It is necessary to create at younger schoolboys of a zone of the nearest development who would turn in due course in required mental new formations.
At this age, in V.V.Davidov's opinion, the following new formations should arise and develop: educational activity and its subject, abstract - theoretical thinking, any management of behaviour.

Civil education of schoolboys provides integrity of pedagogical process, realization in unity of education and training, interrelation of an educational and nonlearning, school and out-of-school life of the child.
One of conducting principles of construction of the maintenance of a rate of civil education is culturological a principle. It is focused on familiarizing of pupils with achievements of spiritual culture of the different countries and peoples and comprehension of native culture as parts world. Such approach enables to compare to use of elements of regional geography, and teaches to appreciate on advantage, native.

Basis of formation of a complete image of the world is the integrational approach, an establishment of intersubject communications with other disciplines investigated in an elementary school. It strengthens developing opportunities of a rate of civil education.