Chair of zoology

The chair of zoology has an old history at pedagogical university. It was organized in 1931 by the doctor of biological sciences, professor deserved figure of a science of RSFSR A.A.Sobolev. The basic scientific direction of chair during long time was helminthology (Science about parasitic worms and diseases caused by them in the man, animals and plants). In collective of chair such known scientists, as the academician A.A.Spassky, winner of the State premium, professor E.S.Shaldybina, professors F.N.Morozov, P.A.Oshmarin, L.S.Shaldybin and some other have grown. Helminthology work of the employees of chair have found the wide response among the experts of scientific and higher educational institutions of Russia.

Since 1986 the scientific subjects of chair has not undergone the special changes, remaining in frameworks of helmithology. During this period this direction developed, basically, due to works K.F.Nosova and A.A.Lebedinsky. Within the framework of ecological subjects the influence of the эколого-geographical factors on helmint-fauna of amphibians was investigated. The extensiveness and intensity of infection frogs on urban-territories and in natural communities is shown. Experimental works on finding - out of the reasons of migration helmints from organizm of the owner in other water animals for the first time are carried out. The practical recommendations to fish economy of the Nizhniy Novgorod area about use tadpoles brown frogs in system of biological methods of struggle with diplostomos of fishes are given. On the other hand, the direction about revealing correlation communications till infection frogs helminthoz and them polymorphism developed. The influence of the anthropogenous factor on these processes is investigated. Within the framework of the mentioned subjects a number of works is published: "Change helmint-fauna of teilless's of amphibians in different parts natural habitat" (K.F.Nosova, 1994), "helmint-fauna lake frogs in conditions of anthropogenous influence and communication infections from them polymorphism" (A.A.Lebedinsky, 1994), "Features infections of various age groups red field-mouse in conditions of the Nizhniy Novgorod area" (V.I.Anikin etc., 1994) and some other. V.M.Kostyunin studies helmint-fauna of group insectivorous, the data on which while are rather not numerous and are fragmentary.

From middle 80 years on chair actively develop an ecological direction with use of other zoological objects. So, Aleksandr Ivanovichem Dmitriev has collected and has processed the large mineral material on fine mammals of Kaspy. For the first time in this area the basic types paleocenozesв and evolutionary changes fauna of complexes are allocated. On the basis of this material the genesis of the natural centers of a plague and probable importance in them of the basic and minor carriers plague-stricken microbe in quaternary time is revealed.

The mentioned material became a basis of preparation of the doctor's dissertation, which was protected at the Moscow state university. By results of this work A.I.Dmitriev published a number of clauses: "Century variability some rodents of arid's of a zone and its meaning in paleoecological reconstruction" (1993), "Rodents as indicators paleoecological of reconstruction" (1994), "To a question of an origin and variability small ground-squirrel Northern Kaspy in Holocen" (1994), "Fenethics of feature of a skull large sander in late-quaternary time" (1995) etc. Besides A.I.Dmitriev has undertaken work on study of variability, ecology and distribution fine mammals of the Nizhniy Novgorod area. In territory of area are organized 4 permanent establishment under the tax of a material, the students NSPU and post-graduate students are actively involved(attracted) in researches. The part of a material is processed and is published in an open seal: "Fine mammals of the Nizhniy Novgorod area" (1999), "an Estimation of a biological variety mammals Nizhniy Novgorod Volgas" (2000). V.V.Neruchea and E.G.Nakarenok actively developed herpethology's a direction in the works. During a number of years they organized scientific student's expeditions in Kaspy region under the tax of a material. The changes specific of structure, distribution and changes of number reptiles in conditions of anthropogenous influence are revealed. The results are published in an open seal: "Herpethofauna of river valleys northern Kaspy" (1990), "Fauna reptiles northeast Kaspy" (1987), "Herpethofauna of sand northern Kaspy"(1994).

Since 1986 and till the present time a number(line) of the employees of chair (M.P.Chistyakov,L.E.Sidorova, E.V.Zemlyanova) are engaged in study of soil ecological systems within the limits of the Nizhniy Novgorod area. The urgency of this direction is determined by strengthening anthropogenous press and pollution of ground as environments of life. The communities testa-ticks, actively participating solis-formation various types soils are investigated. Are revealed specificity specific of structure, changes of number and distribution these animal in 20 areas of area with a different degree of anthropogenous influence. The degree of stability of complexes testae is established depending on succession of a stage of community and influence on it of the anthropogenous factor. The kinds - indicators among testa-ticks, most sensitively reacting on those or other changes of soil ecological systems are determined. The results are widely covered in an open seal: "Morphological variability in ontogenesis Parachipteria bellus" (M.P.Chistyakov, 1987), "Ontogenesis variability Achipteria coleoptrata" (M.P.Chistyakov, 1988), "Morphological variability of preeimagials stages testa-tick Achipteria italicus" (M.P.Chistyakov, 1994), "Infection testa-ticks larvae anoplocefals in conditions steppe of pastures of the Nizhniy Novgorod area in experiment" (E.V.Zemlyanova, 1994), "testa-ticks of a jellied meadow Dzerzhinsk's of area of the Nizhniy Novgorod area" (L.E.Sidorova, 1994) and others.

The teacher of chair E.V.Varshav develops an experimental direction on study of group of the soil inhabitants having practical meaning - Collembols. She(it) is the conducting expert in Russia and near foreign countries under the contents and cultivation collembols in laboratory conditions. In the works E.V.Varshav has proved the basic directions ethology of collembols, has revealed influence of the ecological factors on food preferendums of collembols and role fermons. The results of scientific researches are used in educational work of chair of zoology, and find the wide response among the conducting experts in Russia and abroad and are published in an open seal: "Cultivation of collembols with the purpose of study of features of a feed" (1986), "an Estimation trophic of activity collembols by a method of direct supervision" (1988), "an Estimation of potential sanitary opportunities collembols" (1994).

COORDINATION COMMUNICATIONS

The chair of zoology carries out wide coordination communications on scientific subjects with other establishments. They are shown in organization of meetings, seminars and schools with attraction of the experts of chair, realization of joint scientific economic and contractual themes, management of the post-graduate students and other directions. The constant and long-term contacts are carried out with the N.I.Lobachevsky Nizhniy Novgorod state university, Nizhniy Novgorod branch of University of the Russian Academy of education, Paleontological by institute of the Russian Academy of sciences (Moscow), Moscow state university M.V.Lomonosov, Moscow pedagogical university, All-Russia institute Helminthology, Saratov againist-plague-stricken by institute and lot of other establishments.

SCIENTIFIC WORK

The employees of chair during the mentioned period publish 194 scientific works, volume 74 printed sheets and 64 methodical works, volume 58 printed sheets. In 1994 the chair has let out the interuniversity collection of the proceedings "Animals in natural ecological systems". The greatest amount of the publications have the following teachers of faculty A.I.Dmitriev, V.M.Kostyunin, M.P.Chistyakov, L.E.Sidorova's and E.V.Varshav. Besides A.I.Dmitriev was the co-author 4 manuals: "an Ecological practical work" (1995), "Bioecology" (1997), "Fatherland mine Nizhniy Novgorod" (1997), "Integrated ecological rates" (1996).

During the considered(examined) period the employees of faculty protected 5 dissertations on competition of a scientific degree of the candidate of biological sciences: V.M.Kostyunin has protected the candidate dissertation on helmint-fauna vertebrates of animals (1986), A.I.Dmitriev - on variability and intraspecific to structure latequaternary rodents of Kaspy (1987), E.V.Varshav by an estimation trophic of activity collembols (1987), K.F.Nosova on helmint-fauna of amphibians (1990), E.V.Zemlyanova on infection helmints anoplocefals

Practically all teachers of chair are involved in scientific work with the students of the Faculty of Natural Science and Geography. On faculty of zoology during 1986-2000 years is protected about 150 degree works. The scientific student's works on regional competitions were repeatedly marked by the diplomas 1, 2 and 3 degrees. By the employees of chair the joint publications with the students of scientific and educational and methodical works practise. Despite lacking a speciality "Biology" on FNSG, the students under the direction of the teachers of faculty since 1992 annually occupy 2 and 3 places in regional Olympiads on biology, not conceding on a level of preparation to the students from other high schools. The experts of chair carry out the wide advisory and organizing help in scientific work with the pupils of schools, Liceums and grammar schools